La Tribune
Portada del pasado 4 de enero.
Económico francés vs Les Echos.
Desde 1985
Desde mayo de 2010, Valérie Decamp, 80% acciones.
Alemania, en crecimiento.
PRESS: La Tribune, Francia vs Alemania
GRAPHICS: Best2010, Huelga General
–
Interactivo, huelgas generales
Pulse aquí.
El PIB desde 1971
EL MUNDO
La reforma laboral
Luis Pérez Ortiz
EL MUNDO
Las reformas laborales en España
Yolanda Clemente
EL MUNDO
La reforma laboral
Por Jorge Arevalo
28 años de economía.
Alberto Hernández
Economía
EL MUNDO
Las huelgas generales en España
Alberto Hernández
Economía
EL MUNDO
Cómo se monta una huelga
Julián de Velasco
Suplemento Mercados
EL MUNDO
GRAPHICS: Comisón Europea, la cruda realidad
European Economic Forecast
Autumn 2010-2012
29/11/2010
Comisión Europea.
Recuperación lenta en 2011-12, creación de empleo limitada.
La demanda doméstica no contribuirá a la recuperación hasta 2012.
Crecimiento del PIB:
Variación anual.
2010: -0,2%
2011: +0,7%
2012: +1,7%
Tasa de paro:
2010: 20,1%
2011: 20,2%
2012: 19,2%
Net External Debt: Deuda externa neta.
GDP: Gross national Product, PIB.
GNI: Gross national Income, ingreso nacional bruto
Net foreign Liabilities: Deuda exterior neta.
RHS: Right Hand Scale (escala de la derecha, 0-110)
LHS: Left Hand scale (escala de la izquierda, 90-190, siendo el año 2000 base 100)
Las exportaciones mantienen su cuota de mercado.
Variación anual, exportaciones netas.
2010: 1,0%
2011: 1,1%
2012: 0,3%
‘Growth of exports is projected to continue to
outpace that of imports, with Spanish exporters
expected to maintain their market shares.
However, the softening of world demand growth
and the limited correction of past costcompetitiveness
losses is expected to reduce the
dynamism of exports relative to 2010′.
Finanzas públicas.
Deuda del gobierno, ingresos y gastos.
% PIB.
Menos ingresos que gastos.
Variación anual, déficit/superávit público.
2010: -9,3%
2011: -6,4%
2012: -5,5%
Deuda pública, %PIB
2010: 64,4%
2011: 69,7%
2012: 73%
Cuadro general 2010-2012.
GRAPHIC GEMS: Nobel de Economía y la curva de Beveridge
Nobel de Economía para Peter A. Diamond, Dale T. Mortensen y Christopher A. Pissarides por sus estudios sobre el mercado laboral.
La curva de Beveridge.
William Beveridge (1879-1963)
Economista británico.
Social, teoría laborista.
La representación gráfica pone en relación las ofertas de trabajo (escala vertical) con la tasa de desempleo (horizontal) en porcentaje de la fuerza laboral.
No es una gráfica de fiebre.
Como se ve en el ejemplo incluido en la explicación del Nobel de Economía, no sigue una evolución en el tiempo, ni siempre se mueve ‘hacia delante’.
Los puntos son las relaciones entre dos variantes.
STATS: Vivir con los padres, UE
Entre 25 y 34 años, el 20% de las mujeres (1 de cada 5) y el 32% de los hombres (1 de cada 3) viven con su padres en Europa.
En España, las mujeres entre 25 y 34 años que viven con sus padres son el 29% (1 de cada 3) y los hombres, el 41% (2 de cada cinco).
Entre 18 y 24 años, en España, el 87% de los hombres viven con sus padres (9 de cada 10 jóvenes), cifra muy similar para las mujeres (el 85%).
La estadística que ahora publica Eurostat es de 2008. La situación actual debe ayudar un poco más a no salir de casa o incluso alargar la vida en familia.
POSTERS: Affiches soviétiques, 1920-1941
Los encontré aquí, donde hay muchos más.
« Diagrams after the report of comrade Stalin at the 15th Congress of the VKP (Bolsheviks). To the victory of Communism in our country ! To the victory of communism in the whole world ! » (1927)
« All questions of industrial construction, economic and political life are highlighted in Torgovo-Promyshlennaya Gazeta [Trade and industrie Gazette]. » (1929)
« Be ready to fight for the working cause. I’m always ready. » (1926)
« History of international Trade Union movement. Sheet No 3. » (1927)
« Close ties with working people is a guarantee of the might of the red army. » (1927)
Working Class Hero
1970’s John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band.
Released December 11, 1970
Recorded September 26 – October 9, 1970
As soon as you’re born they make you feel small
By giving you no time instead of it all
Till the pain is so big you feel nothing at all
A working class hero is something to be
A working class hero is something to be
They hurt you at home and they hit you at school
They hate you if you’re clever and they despise a fool
Till you’re so fucking crazy you can’t follow their rules
A working class hero is something to be
A working class hero is something to be
When they’ve tortured and scared you for twenty odd years
Then they expect you to pick a career
When you can’t really function you’re so full of fear
A working class hero is something to be
A working class hero is something to be
Keep you doped with religion and sex and TV
And you think you’re so clever and classless and free
But you’re still fucking peasants as far as I can see
A working class hero is something to be
A working class hero is something to be
There’s room at the top they are telling you still
But first you must learn how to smile as you kill
If you want to be like the folks on the hill
A working class hero is something to be
A working class hero is something to be
If you want to be a hero well just follow me
If you want to be a hero well just follow me
GRAPHICS: El paro en España
Demandantes de empleo, paro, contratos y prestaciones por desempleo.
Agosto 2010
Ministerio de Trabajo e Inmigración.
3 años de escalada.
Los pocos contratos indefinidos a tiempo completo, a menos.
Reformar la reforma o quemar la calle.
Aquí el manifiesto por la huelga general del próximo 29 de septiembre.
‘Exigencias:
El objetivo de esta convocatoria es reclamar al gobierno y al entramado empresarial español que se cumplan las siguientes condiciones:
– NO al recorte en gasto social. Que paguen la crisis aquellos quienes la causaron y más se beneficiaron: La banca y los especuladores.
– Salarios europeos. El salario mínimo interprofesional en Francia asciende a 1321,02€ al mes. En España son 633,30€ mensuales.
– Cumplir los horarios. Horas extras de carácter voluntario real, siempre de mutuo acuerdo, bien remuneradas.
– Control estricto de la inflación y la especulación sobre bienes básicos como los alimentos y la vivienda.
– Acabar con la precariedad y temporalidad. Los contratos de formación son para formar, no para explotar al becario.
– Universidad pública de calidad y gratuita. No a una reforma de Bolonia que favorezca a las clases con más recursos de tiempo y dinero.
– Reducción del IRPF a autónomos y sociedades. Agilización y simplificación de la burocracia para fomentar el autoempleo.
– Aumento de la inversión en I+D+I. Dar prioridad a la investigación para evitar la fuga de cerebros. Renovar nuestra industria.
– Conciliación de la vida laboral y familiar. Negociación de la jornada intensiva y las 35 horas semanales.
Estas exigencias son perfectamente asumibles y necesarias para el adecuado desarrollo del país y han de satisfacerse de modo inmediato’.
GRAPHICS: Desempleo de los jóvenes, OCDE
OCDE, Directorate for Employment.
RISING YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT DURING THE CRISIS: HOW TO PREVENT NEGATIVE LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES ON A GENERATION?
OECD
2, rue André-Pascal
75775 Paris, CEDEX 16
France
Copyright OECD 2010
Estadística INTERACTIVA.
Unemployment has risen sharply during the recession, and young people have been particularly hard hit. Even in good times, the youth unemployment rate (15-to-24-year-olds) can be two to three times that of adults, but it has increased much more rapidly during the crisis; even in Germany, young people are now one and half times more likely to be unemployed than prime age workers, while in Sweden their risk is four times greater.
VÍDEO estadístico.
There are currently nearly 15 million unemployed young people in the OECD area, about four million more than at the end of 2007.
In countries like France and Italy, about one youth in four on the labour market is unemployed, while in Spain the level rises to more than 40%.
SIN SOLUCIÓN, 2010-2011
Tasa de DESEMPLEO JOVEN y variación entre 2005 y 2007.
How to read the figure? Denmark located in Quadrant C had a youth unemployment rate of 7.8% in 2005-07 and experienced a decrease of 1.9 percentage points of its rate compared with 1995-97.
El desempleo joven en España dobla la tasa de los adultos.
How to read the figure? All countries above the «Equal» line have a higher youth unemployment rate than that of adults. For example in Sweden, youth have an unemployment rate that is more than four times that of adults compared with three times in Greece and twice in Japan
Deterioro de la tasa
How to read the figure? The youth unemployment rate reached 43.5% in Spain (located in Quadrant B) in the fourth quarter of 2009, an increase of 24.7 percentage points since the fourth quarter of 2007.
Paro y educación
% de jóvenes que encuentran trabajo.
High performers: En menos de seis meses después de dejar la educación. CON SUERTE.
Poorly-integrated: Entran y salen del mercado laboral, sin continuidad. MALO.
Left-Behind: cinco años desempleados. HORROROSO.
Returning to education: han trabajado, pero vuelven a los estudios para seguir su formación. MEJOR ESTO QUE NADA.
Box 2. School-to-work transition pathways of students having left secondary education
To account for the dynamic nature of youth labour market situations and identify the different pathways that youth can take after leaving secondary education, Quintini and Manfredi (2009) exploit monthly observations in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth for the United States and the European Community Household Panel survey for Europe.
Figure A shows the share of youth in one of four key pathways identified by Quintini and Manfredi (2009). Over a five-year period after leaving education: «High performers» spend most of their time – 70% or more – in employment and take less than six months to find their first job after leaving school; «Poorly-integrated new entrants» move in and out of employment, unemployment, inactivity and sometimes education, signaling difficulties in settling on a promising career path; «Left-behind» youth spend most of the five years in unemployment or inactivity; «Returning to education» leave education for a spell on the labour market of varying length but ultimately return to complete high school – if they have dropped out before completion – or to attend tertiary education.
The United States has a significantly larger share of high performers than Europe and many more youth return to education after a spell out of work and studying.* As a result, the share of youth facing serious difficulties on the labour market –left behind and poorly-integrated new entrants – is 18 percentage points smaller in the United States than in Europe. In Europe, 30% of youth face difficulties settling into the labour market and another 15% are trapped in long-term unemployment or inactivity. On the other hand, in the United States, poor integration affects 21% of youth and the fact that long-term unemployment is uncommon reduces the share of youth Left Behind to just 6% of youth facing long-term inactivity.
GRAPHICS: Desempleo, FMI
DOCUMENTO DEL FMI sobre el paro.
Abril de 2010.
Según el estudio, España necesita una reforma laboral.
Los cambios en el crecimiento afectan al empleo de forma brutal.
Aviso general de Dominique Strauss.
Cambios en la tasa de desempleo.
Diferencias en la tasa de paro si se tienen en cuenta los trabajadores marginales (inactivos).
El empleo total vs el desempleo.
% de trabajadores temporales y la protección.
En España, más temporales y más protección, en comparación con el resto.
Los trabajadores temporales.
Variación del empleo en relación con el crecimiento.
España es el país al que más influye un crecimiento o decrecimiento del PIB en el empleo.
Dominique Strauss-Kahn assumed office as the tenth Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund on November 1, 2007. Upon being selected by the IMF’s Board of Executive Directors, Mr. Strauss-Kahn indicated that he will press ahead with reform of the 186-member country institution that helps oversee the global economy.
PRESS: Peggy Lee y Sinatra, mañana
Nuevo golpe cósmico del WSJ a la economía de España.
Como de costumbre.
Todo será resuelto… manaña, pero mañana nunca llega.
Toda la página 2 del impreso, en la portada del digital.
Por IRWIN STELZER, director de estudios económicos del HUNDSON INSTITUTE.
Mission
Hudson Institute is a nonpartisan policy research organization dedicated to innovative research and analysis that promotes global security, prosperity, and freedom.
About Hudson Institute
Hudson Institute challenges conventional thinking and helps manage strategic transitions to the future through interdisciplinary and collaborative studies in defense, international relations, economics, culture, science, technology, and law. Through publications, conferences and policy recommendations, we seek to guide global leaders in government and business.
Since our founding in 1961 by the futurist Herman Kahn, Hudson’s perspective has been uniquely future-oriented and optimistic. Our research has stood the test of time in a world dramatically transformed by the collapse of the Soviet Union, the rise of China, and the advent of radicalism within Islam. Because Hudson sees the complexities within societies, we focus on the often-overlooked interplay among culture, demography, technology, markets, and political leadership.
Our broad-based approach has, for decades, allowed us to present well-timed recommendations to leaders in government and business, domestically as well as abroad. Hudson Institute has grown steadily-both in prestige and resources-from its origins in Croton-on-Hudson, to its tenure in Indianapolis, and now as a leading international policy organization with offices in Washington and New York.
In the 1970s, Hudson’s scholars helped turn the world away from the no-growth policies of the Club of Rome; in the early 1990s, we helped the newly-liberated Baltic nations become booming market economies; at home, we helped write the pioneering Wisconsin welfare reform law that became the model for successful national welfare reform in the mid-1990s. Today, as part of our research agenda, we are developing programs of political and economic reform to transform the Muslim world.